Prep
- Wash hands, warm environment
- Identify baby (wristband, with parent)
- Explain procedure to parents
General Inspection
- Colour: pink, central cyanosis, jaundice
- Activity: tone, posture, movements
- Cry: normal, high-pitched, weak
Head to Toe
Head
- Fontanelles: anterior (soft, flat), posterior
- Sutures: overlapping, separated
- Cephalhaematoma: does not cross suture lines
Eyes
- Red reflex: present bilaterally
- Check for discharge, structural abnormalities
NOTE
Absent red reflex requires urgent ophthalmology referral
Ears
- Position: top of pinna at level with eyes
- Form: normally shaped
Mouth
- Palate: intact (visualise and palpate)
- Check for cleft, tongue tie
Heart
- Auscultate: rate, rhythm, murmurs
- Femoral pulses: present, equal
WARNING
Absent femorals + murmur = suspect coarctation
Abdomen
- Umbilicus: 2 arteries, 1 vein; no herniation
- Organs: liver edge may be palpable, no masses
Genitalia
- Male: testes descended, meatus position
- Female: patent vagina
Hips
- Ortolani: flex, abduct, feel for "clunk" (reduction)
- Barlow: flex, adduct with posterior pressure (dislocation)
CAUTION
Refer abnormal hips for ultrasound at 6 weeks
Spine
- Inspect: straight, no dimples/tufts
- Palpate for defects
Limbs
- Count: 10 fingers, 10 toes
- Feet: positional vs fixed talipes
Finish
- Vitamin K given
- Document findings
- Discuss with parents
Checklist Complete